Globalization. For instance, a business that wants to invest in China from the US, it must be prepared for more restrictions and should not expect Chines courts to consider the condition that leads to a certain situation since their law does not permit this. As the author Yuval Noah Harari has pointed out, liberalism has had few competitors since the end of the Cold War, when both fascism and communism appeared defeated. On the foreign front, China never tried to pressure anyone to conform to its domestic political system but instead not only respects, but celebrates, their differences. The Peoples Republic of China is still one of the few countries in the world that follow the communist government structure and is led by a one-party system. The CPC runs the country while the other non communist parties play the role of participatory. China's lead over the U.S. is especially clear in Germany, the Netherlands, the Czech Republic and France, where people are at least 10 percentage points more likely to see China as the leading economy. China and the United States significantly differ in terms of the economic, legal and political system but this does not stop them from being the top two nation with the biggest economy worldwide. Accelerate your career with Harvard ManageMentor. Despite the new Democratic government's support of domestic diversity, it continues hostile Trump-era policies intended to pressure China, Russia and others into conforming with the U.S.'s political demands. Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi made an excellent remark about political systems across the world while speaking with the U.S. Council on Foreign Relations last week. Shan: Despite initial blunders, China has handled the coronavirus pandemic well through strict lockdowns and mass testing. It is a global leader in AI, biotech, and space exploration. Since China is a communist and one-party state, citizen engagement is lower in comparison to democratic states. The pandemic has added urgency, but American politicians appear not to have found the answers. Additionally, human development is also key for countries to realize full economic growth. That Canada has elected communists to office, I suggest is just about as important a disparity as the American gun insanity. In context, the United States should be more pluralistic as it prides itself to be a melting pot, but it can be considered more of an elitist democracy. People who do take long-term career risks often do so only after fulfilling their primary need for short-term security. PAG invested about $100 million in a digital music business in China a few years back which subsequently merged with a similar business and changed its name to Tencent Music Entertainment. Obviously the ideology of nationalist identification under the pandemic has greatly roughened the political landscape for China and the U.S. The nominations of all the candidates are not done through their own accord or will but need to be nominated by the CCP, and this is done through the election committee that then consults a group of voters through what is called the three ups and three downs. If the U.S. abandons the one-China policy and supports Taiwans independence, conflict will be inevitable, with unimaginable consequences for the world market. A median of 41% across the 14 EU member nations surveyed name China, compared with a median of 39% who say the same about the United States. It is important to understand the background of the. In fact, the pandemic has made the world, Out of the Gobi: My Story of China and America, Money Games: The Inside Story of How American Dealmakers Saved Koreas Most Iconic Bank. In China, the legal system "is based on civil laws" (Nolan, 2012). Many in the West accept the version of China that it has presented to the world: The period of reform and opening begun in 1978 by Deng Xiaoping, which stressed the need to avoid the radical and often violent politics of the Cultural Revolution, means that ideology in China no longer matters. A nation that practice individualism and democracy is more likely to have an economic system that is market-based and this is more desirable since it allows businesses to produce what their products maximally thereby making desirable profits. China vs. United States Government Definitions Administrative divisions : This entry generally gives the numbers, designatory terms, and first-order administrative divisions as approved by the US Board on Geographic Names (BGN). The legislative branch of the government is responsible for making laws through the Congress and House of Representatives, both of which hold elected officials that create legislation for their constituents while the Judicial branch of the government is responsible for upholding and interpreting these laws through the highest court in the land Supreme Court and High Courts which tend to follow their own state law. Where can it move its production if the target market is China? The past decade has, if anything, strengthened Chinese leaders view that economic reform is possible without liberalizing politics. You cant become a senior leader in China without having proved your worth as a manager. She bought a flatthe first time anyone in her familys history had owned property. As Western attention focused on the deepening ties between China and Russia and the potential transfer of Chinese military aid to Moscow, Belarusian ruler Alyaksandr Lukashenka embarked on a three . In the early 2010s she started moderating her previously outspoken political comments on Weibo as censorship tightened up. These officials preside over different tribunals and committees, which can range from civil, administrative to communication, and transport cases. When the United States formed its constitution, it specifically dictated the unalienable rights of every person. In International Business: Competing in the global marketplace (11th ed.). Would you like to get this essay by email? This paper will compare two great countries the United States and China by looking in details how and why their legal and political systems differ, explain what determines the level of economic development in each country. The Incarcerated Vote. For example, weve interviewed couples in which the wife jumps into the sea of starting her own businessbecoming one of Chinas many female entrepreneursbecause her husbands stable but lower-paid state-sector job will provide the family with security. Examination of School Shootings and Student Safety from International and Non-International Armed Conflict, Comparison Between Democracy Vs. The vehicles for much of this investment are still the CCPs Soviet-style five-year plans, which include the development of what Xi has termed an eco-civilization built around solar energy technology, smart cities, and high-density, energy-efficient housing. During the Cold War in the 20th century, and particularly afterward, the U.S. sought to establish and consolidate its leadership role in the international community in the name of freedom and democracy so much so that U.S. hegemony was also often referred to as hegemonic liberalism.. Many Chinese believe that the countrys recent economic achievements have actually come about because of, not despite, Chinas authoritarian form of government. Thats not likely, precisely because in Chinas particular brand of authoritarianism, control is key. Given the unique features of China's political and economic system, the government can directly affect the carbon market . As to the orientation of a new era, however, the Trump administration has yet to offer any answers or insights. In much Western analysis the verb most commonly attached to Chinas reforms is stalled. The truth is that political reform in China hasnt stalled. However, the beliefs and positions of political parties change over time, so . GM sells more cars in China than in the U.S., Canada, and Mexico combined. If a business is successful, its usually open to taking outside capital so that it can quickly expand nationwide. China, if it doesnt respond to U.S. nationalist challenges, will face soaring nationalist pressures at home. That focus on securing short-term gain is why the young asset manager in Shanghai left a good long-term job for a relatively small but immediate pay raisebehavior that still plagues many businesses trying to retain talent and manage succession pipelines in China. With less than a quarter of Chinas population, America has a death toll about 100 times Chinas and counting. As the situation worsened, Trump had to rise and respond, only to find more problems revealing themselves hundreds of thousands of confirmed cases of infections awaiting treatment, medical equipment in short supply, the fatal consequences of the hollowing out U.S. industries. Globalization has numerous benefits among them promoting the economy of a country but at the same time, it is faced with several obstacles. Sage. If China were concerned only with economic outcomes, it would welcome foreign businesses and investors and, provided they helped deliver economic growth, would treat them as equal partners, agnostic as to who owned the IP or the majority stake in a joint venture. Investors have always been enticed by Chinas vast market. Such ideas may appear very different from the outward-facing, Confucian concepts of benevolence and harmony that China presents to its international, English-speaking audience. Federal and state governments wrangled and blamed each other over the pandemic response, exposing public discontent with the efficacy and legitimacy of the government, as well as the internal strife in society. Ideological competition between China and the U.S. in recent years comes in three basic models: The nationalist hegemony model that ultimately serves U.S. hegemonistic purposes in the international community. However, as the world is constantly moving towards a market-based system, the country had to switch to this system that allowed it to increase economic and still maintain its communist status. However, it is important to compare and contrast countries to see which policies are working in the best way and what can be changed. In this interview he talks about the accessibility of the Chinese market, Americas demonization of China, what the Chinese dont understand about the U.S., and more. Leninism, however, is essentially a political doctrine; its primary aim is control. Either way you slice it, the economies are the two strongest . Reforming Sino-American Cultural Exchange for the Better. 808 certified writers online. Similarities and Differences: US vs. China There are both very strikingly similarities and differences compared with their American counterparts in regards to culture and institutions. Many Westerners assume that China is on the same development trajectory that Japan, Britain, Germany, and France embarked on in the immediate aftermath of World War IIthe only difference being that the Chinese started much later than other Asian economies, such as South Korea and Malaysia, after a 40-year Maoist detour. The top 10 American semiconductor chip makers sell about three times as much in China as in the United States. For companies that want to venture into international businesses, it is important to investigate the legal system of that country and how it can affect their day to day business in that nation. For example, a 2015 survey found that 81% of them trade at least once a month, even though frequent trading is invariably a way to destroy rather than create long-term fund value. First, China and the United States are at different stages of development. Hence, we need to understand, compare, and learn from leading values in China's political culture. The world will be lifeless and dull if there is only one single model and one single civilization." Americans focus on speed and efficiency and will hurry to get things done quickly. China uses its particular authoritarian modeland its presumed legitimacyto build trust with its population in ways that would be considered highly intrusive in a liberal democracy. Simmons-Harris Comparative Politics Constitutional Powers Successful Pressure Groups UK and US Constitution Foundations of American Democracy Amendments After the Bill of Rights Articles of Confederation Brutus Papers Checks and Balances Commerce Clause Concurrent Powers Confederation Constitutional Amendment Process Contract with America Ideological competition between China and the U.S. in recent years comes in three basic models: The nationalist hegemony model that ultimately serves U.S. hegemonistic purposes in the international community. Between 1990 and 2009, investment from China to all of Latin America was about $7 billion. The premier controls the civil bureaucracy, The party general secretary runs the economy. In the China-U.S. ideological competition during the pandemic, what the U.S. seeks is not all about U.S. leadership in the international community nor U.S. economic benefits but rather coping with its identity crisis. 55-64). Chinas is the only major economy that requires no special approval for foreign direct investments, although some sectors, such as Lived Change media and the internet, are on a negative list that restricts them. Bidens proposals have been criticized as new wine in old bottles, and a kind of tinkering; Trump is regarded by Henry Kissinger as marking the end of an old era. China now has better highways, rail systems, bridges, and airports than the United States does. It often compares itself to brands with which Westerners are familiar. The . In China, however, growth has come in the context of stable communist rule, suggesting that democracy and growth are not inevitably mutually dependent. Investors anywhere should invest in a socially responsible way to advance human rights, adhering to a high standard for labor practices, gender equality, investment in human capital, and charitable contributions. That has political implications, of coursefor example, that the public ownership of assets is necessary to ensure an equal distribution of wealthbut the economic outcomes are the focus. Even though both countries are different in every way, they are still recognized as each others competition in the International Arena. What's most ironic about this observation is that domestic American politics are nowadays focusing on the merits of diversity, yet its foreign policy is exclusively predicated on conformity. Entry to the CCP and to a university involves compulsory courses in Marxist-Leninist thought, which has also become part of popular culture, as evidenced by the 2018 TV talk show Marx Got It Right. In fact, many Chinese believe that the countrys recent economic achievementslarge-scale poverty reduction, huge infrastructure investment, and development as a world-class tech innovatorhave come about because of, not despite, Chinas authoritarian form of government. Majority of China's production companies are owned and managed by the government. The United States and China are different in almost every way in their social norms, administrative policies, economic reforms, and the vastest difference in their political ideology. Beijing expats speak Mandarin better than Shanghai ones. Eager for experience, she took a job as an investment analyst with a Shanghai-based foreign asset manager, but despite a long-term career plan mapped out by her employer, she left that company for a small short-term pay raise from a competitor. A young student in Nanjing can study propulsion physics at Beijings Tsinghua University thanks to social mobility and the partys significant investment in scientific research. Conversely, the US law system basis its law from cases held previously and judges uses this as an example when determining most cases that are similar to the present one. China has stolen American jobs, the thinking goes, so we oppose China. Thats why ordinary Chinese people see Chinese companies such as Alibaba, Huawei, and TikTok as sources of national prideinternational vanguards of Chinese successrather than simply sources of jobs or GDP, as they might be viewed in the West. The founding fathers of USA forecasted their nation to be one that respects and follow basic human rights and Biblical ideas as guidance. It is important to understand the background of the political systems in both China and the United States in order to compare both, especially the theoretical system of governance they follow, whether a pluralist or oligarchical system. In the years since, China has become an economic titan, a global leader in technology innovation, and a military superpower, all while tightening its authoritarian system of governmentand reinforcing a belief that the liberal narrative does not apply to China. He was born in China, and his life was upended during the Cultural Revolution, when he was sent off to do farm labor in the Gobi Desert. Trumps trade war was an abject failure. However, both states have a very different political landscape, which is what will be discussed in the paper today. Chinas Good War: How World War II Is Shaping a New Nationalism. Disclaimer: ProEssays.net is a custom writing service that provides online on-demand writing work for assistance purposes. However, it also highlighted the different ways in which people of color in the USA are suppressed through political representation and voter suppression. Even in Beijing many people wore Mao suits and cycled everywhere; only senior Chinese Communist Party (CCP) officials used cars. And only the U.S. can threaten Americas economic supremacyby underinvesting in its own infrastructure and by limiting trade. Civic engagement ensures that the government is serving the people and not the other way around. China on the other hand practice totalitarianism and collectivism which is the opposite of democracy. U.S. self-identification has been shaken under these circumstances. These similarities are real, but they are manifestations of the wealth and personal aspirations of Chinas newly affluent middle class, and they in no way negate the very real differences between the political systems of China and the West. The study of geography is centered on the regional system of the human-land relationship, and the core of the study of the geographical system of the human-land relationship is land use change. Both countries have a Judicial, Executive, and Legislative branch. Under this view, whether or not other countries are free and democratic, or whether others deem the U.S. to be so, matters less than the economic benefits the U.S. deserves, including a favorable balance of trade and jobs. The economic nationalism of the U.S. since Donald Trump assumed office is related to the hegemony promoted by the Obama administration and the current leading presidential candidate of the Democratic Party, Joe Biden. It will take years if not decades for China to catch up in some areas, at great cost. Beijing expats want the "real China" They prefer Chinese language, history, and culture and avoid Western civilization. Recognizing that the authoritarian Marxist-Leninist system is accepted in China as not only legitimate but also effective is crucially important if Westerners are to make more-realistic long-term decisions about how to deal with or invest in the country. For international business management of doing business in a democratic country such as the US, it can be very comfortable for them since most barriers of trade have been removed and the political system is conducive. The branches of the government are not only responsible for the laws of the land but are also responsible for ensuring free and fair elections and that the citizens of the country that they represent are being heard (USG, 2020). The United States government structure is one of the largest democracies in the world and has been considered by many as one of the perfect democracies which the country and its citizens have prided themselves over. Political credibility and economic development. This is the best approach for one to have and ensures that its partnerships remain everlasting. China and the global economy. Unlike China, the U.S. spends more than 50% above its annual revenues leading to high deficits. In Canada, it is a . But its also conspicuously different: The concept of U.S. hegemony goes beyond economics to such fields as politics, the military and society. A cleaner in Chongqing now owns several apartments because the CCP reformed property laws. The country itself remains so diverse that some minority groups even have their own autonomous administrative divisions which include regions, prefectures and counties. Additionally, the paper will also give examples of economic and macro-political changes and show why market-based systems are being adopted by transition economies. Moving from Beijing to Shanghai has made my Mandarin worse. Get a 100% original essay FROM A CERTIFIED WRITER! Routledge. The complete Spotlight package is available in a single reprint. But much of the technological progress has come from a highly innovative and well-funded military that has invested heavily in Chinas burgeoning new industries. Depending on the conditions surrounding a case, the law system allows special consideration to such as a case. References Borner, S., Brunetti, A., & Weder, B. Solinger, D. J. When we first traveled to China, in the early 1990s, it was very different from what we see today. Time is money, in other words. Its monetary policy is reasonably tight, with the yield on government bonds about 3.5 times that on U.S. Treasuries. /Getty. In the early days of the outbreak, the Trump administration tried everything possible to downplay the severity of the situation attempting to secure the economy and votes in a presidential election year. Exploding unemployment exposed the wide wealth gap in U.S. society. Additionally, before starting a business internationally, it is important to consider additional factors that the law systems of that country do not consider since failure to do so can result in loss of profit. Lobbying groups have more of an influence on the government of the United States than the citizens themselves, which creates the question if the US is more pluralist or elitist, and the matter of the fact is that the US is not really a representative republic but rather a pluralist oligarchy. By the 1980s she was in the first generation to go back to university, and even took part in the Tiananmen Square demonstration. Borner, S., Brunetti, A., & Weder, B. Its GDP dropped 6.8% in the first quarter of 2020, but resumed growth from the second quarter onward. For individuals, whove lived through harsh times they could not control, the reaction is to make some key choices in a much more short-term way than Westerners do. In our experience, many Westerners dont understand what that means or why it matters. The critical distinction is that the Chinese system is not only Marxist, its Marxist-Leninist. There are several major differences: China's system is based on the governance of one political party only (China has 8 other parties that serve in a consultative role). The president controls the army. Order original essay online with 25% off. Land use is the most direct manifestation of human activities, accompanied by changes in land cover. World economies keep on changing and countries are also made to change for them to remain competitive. China is among the most open markets in the world: It is the largest trading nation and also the largest recipient of foreign direct investment, surpassing the United States in 2020. It continues apace. As well argue in the following pages, these assumptions reflect gaps in their knowledge about Chinas history, culture, and language that encourage them to draw persuasive but deeply flawed analogies between China and other countries. Until Western companies and politicians understand this and revise their views, they will continue to get China wrong. American companies will do so only if U.S. tariffs become more penalizing than moving would be. Early 1990s, it specifically dictated the unalienable rights of every person in the quarter. Limiting trade administrative divisions which include regions, prefectures and counties even though both countries have very! At great cost reform in China & # x27 ; s political and system. 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