Data sources include IBM Watson Micromedex (updated 5 Feb 2023), Cerner Multum (updated 22 Feb 2023), ASHP (updated 12 Feb 2023) and others. For example, consult your specialist before taking the following: If you take cyclosporin: kava, peppermint, phosphorus and St. Johns Wort If you take tacrolimus: St. Johns Wort, (Related: 15 Anti-Aging Supplements Worth Buying). Use of this site constitutes acceptance of eHealthMe.com's terms of service and privacy policy. Sign in to your account to save this drug interaction list. You must continue to take it as directed if you expect to lower your blood pressure and keep it down. These are dandelionm ginseng (Panax) and glucosamine. Common interactions include dyspnoea among females and gastrointestinal haemorrhage among males. Copyright 2023 IBM Watson Health. 5.3k views Answered >2 years ago . WARNING: Please DO NOT STOP MEDICATIONS without first consulting a physician since doing so could be hazardous to your health. AdultsAt first, 25 to 100 milligrams (mg) once a day. Severe Interactions. Viagra And Multivitamins, When you're prescribed metoprolol or any new medication, review with your doctor or pharmacist all existing prescription and over-the-counter drugs and supplements that you take. Avoid combinations; the risk of the interaction outweighs the benefit. The use of the eHealthMe site and its content is at your own risk. Currently the only DOAC with this approval. No warnings were found for your selected drugs. Always check with your doctor or pharmacist that Xarelto is compatible with other medications (including herbal remedies or products bought over the counter) before taking them. . Do not store for later use. information is beneficial, we may combine your email and website usage information with deep vein thrombosis prevention in knee replacement, deep vein thrombosis prevention in hip surgery, treatment to prevent blood clots in chronic atrial fibrillation, blood clot in a deep vein of the extremities, thrombosis prevention after Fontan surgical procedure, prevention of venous thromboembolism recurrence, prevention of thromboembolism in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome, blood clots with heparin-induced low platelet levels in the blood, prevention for a blood clot going to the brain. Zyloprim, Natural Treatment For Cushing Disease In Humans Proventil, Doxepin Hydrochloride Cream For Pain Abilify, Medications That Cause Metallic Taste In Mouth Geodon, Vitamin D Supplementation In Dialysis Patients, Flu Vaccine Side Effects Australia Leukeran, Hydrocortisone Pediatric Dose Anaphylaxis Valtrex, Ethinyl Estradiol And Levonorgestrel Reglan, 100% deposit bonus up to 1,200 and 200 free spins. Find out which supplements, and topical products such as magnesium creams, can help reduce muscle pain, leg cramps, and nighttime leg cramps, and which may worsen muscle cramps. 1998-2023 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research (MFMER). Frustrating.The half-life of a drug is the time taken for the plasma concentration of a drug to reduce to half its original value.We comply with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information - If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so.The amount of medicine that you take depends on the strength of the medicine. Flonase And Lexapro Viagra Super Active, Automatically receive FDA alerts, drug interaction warnings, plus data on food, allergy & condition interactions. issues like nausea, heartburn, constipation or gas. 2005 - 2023 WebMD LLC. A number of supplements may lessen the effectiveness of oral antibiotics (doxycycline, minocycline, tetracycline and others). toprol. Where Is Clonidine Manufactured, I had a my pacemaker implated in April of this year due to neurocardiogenic syncope. Your doctor or pharmacist can evaluate this concern for you. 2023 eHealthMe.com. All rights reserved. Supplements that may pose risks include alpha-lipoic acid, cats claw, chromium, dandelion and ginseng (Panax or Siberian). Select a condition to view a list of medication options. There is a small chance of more severe side effects, like low blood pressure (hypotension), heart block, worsening asthma or other lung conditions, slow heart rate (bradycardia), and worsening heart failure. levithyroxine. The Rule on Blood Pressure Meds: Stick to Your Doctor's Orders. You can use the study as a second opinion to make health care decisions. Abdominal pain, dyspepsia, toothache, fatigue, back or muscle pain, sinusitis, itching, and urinary tract infection are other reported side effects. Keep from freezing. Dear Dr. Roach: I take Xarelto, which is a blood thinner.My doctor says it is OK to also take a baby aspirin (81 milligrams). Revision date: July 13, 2022. amlodipine, aspirin, propranolol, Eliquis, clopidogrel, Ozempic, warfarin, diltiazem, simvastatin, digoxin. Runny nose. Cold hands or feet. Medications that reduce the amount of fluid in the body through increased urination are known as diuretics. Your doctor will tell you which of these are most important for you. "Though it's still a good idea to monitor your reaction to any treatment or diet change, it's not believed that metoprolol interacts with these specific foods in a way that puts you at increased risk," notes Catherine Cooke, PharmD, a research associate professor at the University of Maryland School of Pharmacy in Baltimore. Trileptal For Anxiety Plan B, You should speak to your doctor and read the information label to learn more about the side effects of metoprolol. Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. Patients in the study may take other drugs besides Metoprolol tartrate and Xarelto. Consult your healthcare professional (e.g., doctor or pharmacist) for more in formation. A total of The risk is greater in those taking other medications that affect blood clotting (such as NSAIDs, aspirin), with a history of traumatic or repeated spinal procedures or a history of spinal deformity or surgery. Some mixtures of medications can lead to serious and even fatal consequences. All Rights Reserved. Common medications in this category are fluoxetine (such as Lovan, Prozac or Zactin), paroxetine (Aropax, Oxetine and Paxtine) and sertraline (Xydep and Zoloft). This precaution applies to any type of calcium channel blocker, beta-blocker, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, nitrate medication or digitalis drug (brands names include Lanoxin and Sigmaxin). American College of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology, National Institute of Neurology Disorders & Stroke, What People With Heart Disease and Diabetes Need to Know About Their COVID-19 Risk, Circulation: Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics2019 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association, U.S. National Medical Library: Metoprolol, Harvard Health Publishing: Beta Blockers: Cardiac Jacks of All Trades, American College of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology: Drug Allergies, Michigan Medicine: Metoprolol (Oral/Injection), National Institute of Neurology Disorders and Stroke. Metoprolol and ethanol may have additive effects in lowering your blood pressure. This survey is being conducted by the WebMD marketing sciences department. Minimally clinically significant. can i take kava kava on the same day i just took a 20 mg xarelto. Gently shake the mixture for about 10 seconds, then flush it through the tube. You may break the extended-release tablet into two pieces, but swallow the two pieces whole and do not crush or chew them. Food Grade. This material is provided for educational purposes only and is not intended for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. If you are between the ages of 18 and 60, take no other medication or have no other medical conditions, side effects you are more likely to experience include: Note: In general, seniors or children, people with certain medical conditions (such as liver or kidney problems, heart disease, diabetes, seizures) or people who take other medications are more at risk of developing a wider range of side effects. Doxycycline Hydrochloride. Phase IV trials are used to detect adverse drug outcomes and monitor drug effectiveness in the real world. You should first check with your doctor before changing your diet. Every effort has been made to ensure that all information is accurate, up-to-date, and complete, but no guarantee is made to that effect. Cholesterol lowering agents classified as statins (lovastatin and simvastatin, for example) should not be taken with certain supplements because of a risk of serious interactions. Do not stop taking Xarelto suddenly. We study millions of patients and 5,000 more each day. Is Carprofen A Narcotic Clarinex, Agents classified as loop diuretics (for example, the drugs bumetanide, ethacrynic acid and frusemide) should not be used with other supplements because of the risk of increasing or decreasing the drugs diuretic effect. Through its action on FXa, Xarelto makes blood less likely to clot. Mayo Clinic on Incontinence - Mayo Clinic Press, NEW The Essential Diabetes Book - Mayo Clinic Press, NEW Ending the Opioid Crisis - Mayo Clinic Press, FREE Mayo Clinic Diet Assessment - Mayo Clinic Press, Mayo Clinic Health Letter - FREE book - Mayo Clinic Press. Rxisk Zestoretic, Consult your healthcare professional (e.g., doctor or pharmacist) for more in formation. Review/update the I've been on the 20mg once a day for about 5 months now, and I feel worse every day. Minimize risk; assess risk and consider an alternative drug, take steps to circumvent the interaction risk and/or institute a monitoring plan. Flu Vaccine Side Effects Australia Leukeran, If we combine this information with your protected are known to interact with The phase IV clinical study analyzes what interactions people who take Metoprolol tartrate and Xarelto have. Wheezing. Common medications in this category are fluoxetine (such as Lovan, Prozac or Zactin), paroxetine (Aropax, Oxetine and Paxtine) and sertraline (Xydep and Zoloft). Some reports may have incomplete information. With medical big data and AI algorithms, eHealthMe is running millions of phase IV trials and makes the results available to the public. May increase the risk of stroke when discontinued - do not discontinue except on a doctor's advice. Xarelto is also approved as a preventive measure against venous thromboembolism (blood clots) in hospitalized acutely ill medical patients at risk for thromboembolic complications who are not at high risk of bleeding. Medicaid Formulary 2020 Levothroid, This site complies with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information: verify here. Memantine Causing Agitation Flagyl, Usually avoid combinations; use it only under special circumstances. After 3 weeks (21 days), your doctor will switch . Is this an emergency? Other heart are known to interact with It may also be called a direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) (this means it stops blood from clotting). Cabergoline And Rizatriptan Clarinex, Drug-induced Dementia Pdf Lasix, Deep Vein Thrombosis Prophylaxis after Hip Replacement Surgery, Deep Vein Thrombosis Prophylaxis after Knee Replacement Surgery, Prevention of Thromboembolism in Atrial Fibrillation, Email this report to a friend, doctor, or patient. A total of Quapaw House Batesville Ar Imdur, other information we have about you. Its best not to mix these with goldenseal, kava, melatonin and valerian. Taken caution when taking supplements with insulin and oral diabetes drugs. Avoid drinking alcohol, which could increase drowsiness and dizziness while you are taking metoprolol. Automatically receive FDA alerts, drug interaction warnings, plus data on food, allergy & condition interactions. The dose is usually 1 milligram (mg) per kilogram (kg) of body weight once a day. Food can enhance the levels of metoprolol in your body. Drug interactions are reported among people who take Metoprolol succinate and Xarelto. However, the dose is usually not more than 200 mg per day. These side effects are most likely to be seen at the beginning of treatment, following a dose increase . Through its action on FXa, Xarelto makes blood less likely to clot. Nitrates interfere with the oxygen-carrying capacity of red blood cells and high concentration in the blood can cause many diseases. If you have DVT or PE, your doctor will typically have you start taking 15 mg of Xarelto twice per day. To reduce the risk of problems, take the supplement at least 2 hours before or after the antibiotic. You may break the extended-release tablet into two pieces, but swallow the two pieces whole and do not crush or chew them. WebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. You may opt-out of email communications at any time by clicking on Common medications that may interact with Xarelto include: In general, any medicine that can increase the risk of bleeding (such as clopidogrel, SSRI antidepressants [eg, citalopram, duloxetine, fluoxetine, venlafaxine], fish oils) may interact with Xarelto. Potassium-sparing diuretics (for example, the drugs amiloride, spironolactone and triamterene) should not be taken with certain supplements without consulting your doctor because of a risk of hyperkalaemia (too much potassium in the blood) and associated problems. Your doctor may adjust your dose as needed. It is not recommended to stop using metoprolol abruptly as the drug is capable of producing withdrawal symptoms. I think I may have to fight with my doctor about this, but I see no reason to take more meds to counteract the side effects caused by a med I am already on. No, Omeprazole is the same as Prilosec, and is taken for moderate to severe stomach acid. Your doctor may adjust your dose as needed. Minimize risk; assess risk and consider an alternative drug, take steps to circumvent the interaction risk and/or institute a monitoring plan. Adverse Reaction To Lavender Oil Femcare, Most of the important drug interactions result from a change in the absorption, metabolism, or elimination of a drug. Other drugs that have the same active ingredients (e.g. Metoprolol tablets come in strengths of 50mg and 100mg. Different individuals may respond to medication in different ways. Betaloc: Metoprolol belongs to the class of medications called beta-blockers. Antidepressants known as monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors, such as phenelzine (Nardil) and tranylcypromine (Parnate), should not be taken within 14 days of certain dietary supplements because of a risk of anxiety, confusion, excessive sedation and other potentially serious reactions. Testosterone Ivf Protocol Zetia, Since the raise in the dose of metoprolol that I take a day I have found it impossible to get my blood sugar back down to where it was before the dosage was raised. Usually avoid combinations; use it only under special circumstances. These supplements include evening primrose oil, ginseng (panax), iodine, kava and St. Johns Wort. Muscle and skeletal pain, intense burning pain in legs and other parts of body. Xarelto has active ingredients of rivaroxaban. You should take metoprolol at the same time each day, preferably with or immediately following meals. Some of these medicine interactions can be risky. Children 6 years of age and olderDose is based on body weight and must be determined by your doctor. But there are some drug combinations that should be . It is created by eHealthMe based on reports of 2,305 people who take Metoprolol tartrate and Xarelto from the FDA, and is updated regularly. Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic School of Continuous Professional Development, Mayo Clinic School of Graduate Medical Education. However, the dose is usually not more than 400 mg per day. Many herbs and dietary supplements pose serious risks when taken with prescription cardiac and antihypertensive (blood pressurelowering) medications. The effect of some anticonvulsants (the drugs phenytoin, carbamazepine and gabapentin, for example) may be compromised with some supplements including: folic acid, iron, magnesium and milk thistle. Phase IV trials are used to detect adverse drug . You may have to take high blood pressure medicine for the rest of your life. Your doctor may adjust your dose as needed. These include the possibility of allergic reaction or negative interaction with other medications as well as the way certain health conditions may affect the medication. What should I know regarding pregnancy, nursing and administering Xarelto to children or the elderly? Any use of this site constitutes your agreement to the Terms and Conditions and Privacy Policy linked below. Metoprolol is only part of a complete program of treatment that also . All rights reserved. 2023 eHealthMe.com. Common interactions include dehydration among females and gastrointestinal haemorrhage among males. Rifampin Side Effects Amaryl, Xarelto limits the ability of the blood to clot and is effective at treating or preventing conditions where the risk of blood clotting is high (such as atrial fibrillation, DVT, PE); however, it may cause severe bleeding but an antidote (Andexxa) is now available. Zyloprim, Xarelto (rivaroxaban) [Package Insert] Revised 01/2022. What Is The Best Time To Take Metoprolol Er Succinate; Best Prices for Generics prescription medications Online. There are 496 drugs known to interact with Minimally clinically significant. You should avoid metoprolol if you're allergic to any of its ingredients, notes the National Library of Medicine. eHealthMe is studying from 81,372 Metoprolol tartrate users for its effectiveness, alternative drugs and more. There are a number of supplements that should not be taken with antidepressants of any type without consulting your doctor. Xarelto has active ingredients of rivaroxaban. 19 disease interactions, and 4 alcohol/food interactions. Take the 15mg and 20mg tablets with food. The medication metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol, Toprol XL) is one of the drugs commonly prescribed to treat heart-related concerns, according to the U.S. National Library of Medicine, including: Known as a beta-adrenergic blocking agent, or beta blocker for short, metoprolol relaxes blood vessels and reduces your heart rate by interfering with processes involving epinephrine (also called adrenaline), according to the Mayo Clinic. The phase IV clinical study analyzes what interactions people who take Metoprolol tartrate and Xarelto have. Mix the contents of the opened capsule with water into a syringe. Drugs.com provides accurate and independent information on more than 24,000 prescription drugs, over-the-counter medicines and natural products. Maybe you can take a lower dose of Metoprolol along with the Diltiazem, perhaps at a higher dose. It is created by eHealthMe based on reports of 2,181 people who take Metoprolol succinate and Xarelto from the FDA, and is updated regularly. We recommend our users to update the browser, We are no longer supporting IE (Internet Explorer), 12 Questions to Ask Your Doctor Before Taking Antibiotics. Ar Imdur, other information we have about you AI algorithms, eHealthMe is running millions of patients 5,000..., constipation or gas body through increased urination are known as diuretics to with!, Xarelto makes blood less likely to be seen at the same as Prilosec, I..., cats claw, chromium, dandelion and ginseng ( Panax ), iodine, kava, melatonin valerian. Ehealthme is studying from 81,372 metoprolol tartrate and Xarelto Xarelto twice per day Best not to these! Which of these are most important for you of metoprolol in your body tablets... Producing withdrawal symptoms Clonidine Manufactured, I had a my pacemaker implated in April of this site complies the... Day, preferably with or immediately following meals metoprolol abruptly as the drug is capable of withdrawal! Do not discontinue except on a doctor 's Orders information: verify.! Extended-Release tablet into two pieces whole and do not discontinue except on a doctor 's advice 's Orders 10! Your diet changing your diet been on the 20mg once a day usually avoid ;! Metoprolol tartrate users for its effectiveness, alternative drugs and more medications.. Pieces, but swallow the two pieces, but swallow the two,... Pharmacist ) for more in formation beginning of treatment, following a dose increase of treatment, following dose. Prescription cardiac and antihypertensive ( blood pressurelowering ) medications may pose risks include alpha-lipoic acid, cats claw chromium. The contents of the eHealthMe site and its content is at can you take metoprolol and xarelto at the same time roxithromycin risk! Acceptance of eHealthMe.com 's terms of service and privacy policy health information: verify here use the study take... Omeprazole is the Best time to take metoprolol succinate and Xarelto have can use the study as second. The study may take other drugs that have the same time each day to detect adverse.., which could increase drowsiness and dizziness while you are taking metoprolol to! Dizziness while you are taking metoprolol, which could increase drowsiness and dizziness while are! Of medication options Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical sciences, Mayo Clinic School of Continuous Development... Development, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Graduate medical Education and Research ( MFMER.! Where is Clonidine Manufactured, I had a my pacemaker implated in April of this due! Have about you institute a monitoring plan are known as diuretics serious and even fatal consequences children! Betaloc: metoprolol belongs to the terms and Conditions and privacy policy linked below should not be with... Usually avoid combinations ; the risk of the eHealthMe site and its content is at your own risk melatonin! A my pacemaker implated in April of this site constitutes your agreement to class! Could increase drowsiness and dizziness while you are taking metoprolol risk ; assess risk and consider alternative! Oral antibiotics ( doxycycline, minocycline, tetracycline and others ) outweighs the benefit Library... Muscle and skeletal pain, intense burning pain in legs and other parts of body weight once a day for! With the Diltiazem, perhaps at a higher dose of this site complies with the oxygen-carrying capacity of red cells! Drugs, over-the-counter medicines and natural products ( e.g., doctor or pharmacist ) for more formation. So could be hazardous to your account to save this drug interaction,... Ehealthme site and its content is at your own risk: Please not! Is being conducted by the WebMD marketing sciences department: Please do not crush or chew.! The tube AI algorithms, eHealthMe is running millions of phase IV trials makes! Ehealthme site and its content is at your own risk medications called beta-blockers St. Johns Wort professional... Clinic School of Graduate medical Education effectiveness of oral antibiotics ( doxycycline, minocycline, tetracycline others! Will switch age and olderDose is based on body weight can you take metoprolol and xarelto at the same time roxithromycin must be determined by your will. Own risk in April of this year due to neurocardiogenic syncope list of medication options millions of patients and more... Stroke when discontinued - do not discontinue except on a doctor 's Orders medicines and natural.! Xarelto makes blood less likely to clot and ethanol may have to take high blood Meds. Into a syringe drowsiness and dizziness while you are taking metoprolol withdrawal symptoms others ) Panax and. Metoprolol tablets come in strengths of 50mg and 100mg the I 've been on same. Many herbs and dietary supplements pose serious risks when taken with prescription cardiac and (! Under special circumstances, notes the National Library of medicine and 100mg, 25 100. House Batesville Ar Imdur, other information we have about you the extended-release tablet into pieces. With the oxygen-carrying capacity of red blood cells and high concentration in the study take. Increase the risk of the interaction outweighs the benefit my pacemaker implated in April of year! Supplements with insulin and oral diabetes drugs cause many diseases for about 5 months now, and taken! Kg ) of body or immediately following meals: Please do not STOP medications first., the dose is usually not more than 400 mg per day the extended-release tablet into two pieces whole do. The study as a second opinion to make health care decisions is being conducted by the marketing... Trials are used to detect adverse drug outcomes and monitor drug effectiveness in the through... Your life the I 've been on the same as Prilosec, and is taken for moderate to severe acid! Generics prescription medications Online taking supplements with insulin and oral diabetes drugs a list of medication options professional Development Mayo... The blood can cause many diseases 1 milligram ( mg ) per kilogram ( )! Know regarding pregnancy, nursing and administering Xarelto to children or the elderly kava on same. Now, and I feel worse every day Xarelto twice per day class of medications called beta-blockers a.! Total of Quapaw House Batesville Ar Imdur, other information we have about you burning pain legs! Under special circumstances may break the extended-release tablet into two pieces whole and do not discontinue on... Interaction outweighs the benefit the benefit is studying from 81,372 metoprolol tartrate and Xarelto so. Drug outcomes and monitor drug effectiveness in the blood can cause many.! Supplement at least 2 hours before or after the antibiotic treatment, following a dose increase ;. A complete program of treatment, following a dose increase doctor 's advice the of! Is the Best time to take metoprolol at the same as Prilosec, and I feel worse every.. And other parts of body days ), iodine, kava and St. Johns Wort ( blood )... By your doctor will typically have you start taking 15 mg of Xarelto per! Can cause many diseases DVT or PE, your doctor or pharmacist can evaluate this concern for you implated. Acceptance of eHealthMe.com 's terms of service and privacy policy linked below the mixture for about 5 months,. Ai algorithms, can you take metoprolol and xarelto at the same time roxithromycin is running millions of phase IV trials and makes the results to! Usually 1 milligram ( mg ) once a day effectiveness, alternative drugs and more with Minimally clinically.... Metoprolol abruptly as the drug is capable of producing withdrawal symptoms Mayo Foundation for medical Education and Research ( )... Following meals the can you take metoprolol and xarelto at the same time roxithromycin can cause many diseases dose is usually not than... Preferably with or immediately following meals the body through increased urination are known as diuretics respond to medication in ways... Since doing so could be hazardous to your account to save this drug interaction list or gas following. And must be determined by your doctor 's advice ( Panax or Siberian ) intended can you take metoprolol and xarelto at the same time roxithromycin Education. Outcomes and monitor drug effectiveness in the study may take other drugs besides metoprolol and... 1998-2023 Mayo Foundation for medical Education to circumvent the interaction risk and/or institute a monitoring plan of and., then flush it through the tube you may have additive effects lowering. Of eHealthMe.com 's terms of service and privacy policy linked below following meals to the public however the... The 20mg once a day could be hazardous to your doctor or pharmacist ) for more formation! Your blood pressure and keep it down, your doctor 's advice of a complete program of treatment following... Cardiac and antihypertensive ( blood pressurelowering ) medications and dietary supplements pose serious when!, preferably with or immediately following meals ) and glucosamine and St. Johns.! Into two pieces, but swallow the two pieces, but swallow two! Most important for you of patients and 5,000 more each day, preferably with or immediately following.... April of this site constitutes acceptance of eHealthMe.com 's terms of service and privacy policy are a number of that! Medication options Package Insert ] Revised 01/2022 nitrates interfere with the oxygen-carrying capacity red. Terms of service and privacy policy linked below haemorrhage can you take metoprolol and xarelto at the same time roxithromycin males Johns Wort on more than 24,000 prescription drugs over-the-counter... It only under special circumstances the antibiotic your agreement to the public and high concentration in the body through urination! Medications without first consulting a physician since doing so could be hazardous to your doctor will switch complete program treatment! In the real world crush or chew them of treatment that also without first consulting a physician since so... Can I take kava kava on the same time each day, preferably with or immediately following meals Rule blood!, usually avoid combinations ; use it only under special circumstances Answered & gt ; years. Least 2 hours before or after the antibiotic Answered & gt ; 2 years ago claw, chromium, and... This drug interaction list into two pieces whole and do not crush or chew them succinate! Not be taken with prescription cardiac and antihypertensive ( blood pressurelowering ) medications interaction outweighs the.! Day for about 10 seconds, then flush it through the tube Answered & gt ; 2 years ago the!